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What is an oil cylinder? What is its working principle?
What is an oil cylinder? What is its working principle?
It is a type of pressure finishing process that utilizes the cold plastic characteristics of metal at room temperature. It applies a certain pressure to the surface of the workpiece using rolling tools, causing the surface metal of the workpiece to undergo plastic flow, filling in the original residual low concave valleys, thereby reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece. Due to the plastic deformation of the rolled surface metal, the surface structure hardens and the grains become finer, forming a dense fibrous structure and creating a residual stress layer, which increases hardness and strength, thus improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and compatibility of the workpiece surface.
First, let's talk about its basic five components: cylinder barrel and cylinder head, piston and piston rod, sealing device, buffering device, and exhaust device.
The working principle of each type of cylinder is almost similar. Take a manual jack as an example; a jack is essentially a simple oil cylinder. By using a manual pressure rod (hydraulic manual pump), hydraulic oil enters the oil cylinder through a one-way valve. At this point, the hydraulic oil entering the oil cylinder cannot flow back due to the one-way valve, forcing the cylinder rod to move upward. Then, as work continues, hydraulic oil keeps entering the hydraulic cylinder, causing it to rise continuously. When it needs to lower, the hydraulic valve is opened to allow the hydraulic oil to return to the oil tank. This is the simple working principle, and others are improvements based on this. The principle of a pneumatic cylinder is basically the same as that of an oil cylinder.
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